Tus kheej-adaptive sib tsoo tus cwj pwm ntawm High-speed Rail sib tsoo nyob rau hauv lub zawv zawg-rolling Composite Motions

Tus kheej-adaptive sib tsoo tus cwj pwm ntawm high-ceev tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau hauv zawv zawg-dov composite motions tsom rau optimizing sib tsoo kev ua tau zoo thiab nto zoo. High-speed railways, tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm ceev thiab lub teeb qag loads, feem ntau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm dov kev sib cuag qaug zog [1], uas ua rau nto spalling [2-4], qaug zog tawg [5,6], thiab puas [7,8]. Cov teeb meem no yuav tsum tau saib xyuas raws sij hawm kom paub meej tias qhovmuaj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau. Cov txheej txheem kev tsheb ciav hlau tsoos tsoos tsom los daws qhov teeb meem sib sib zog nqus tab sis feem ntau ua rau tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, ncua sijhawm txij nkawm, thiab kev puas tsuaj thermal. Kev sib tsoo siab ceev (HSG) tau tshwm sim los ua lwm txoj hauv kev, muab kev sib tsoo siab dua (60-80 km / h) thiab txo "qhov rais tu." Tsis zoo li cov pa sib tsoo, HSG ua haujlwm los ntawm zawv zawg-dov sib xyaw cov lus tsa suab, uas tau tsav los ntawm kev sib txhuam ntawm cov log sib tsoo (GWs) thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau [9]. Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb no ua rau ob qho tib si tshem tawm cov khoom thiab abrasive tus kheej-sharpening. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm zawv zawg thiab dov cov lus tsa suab tau tshawb nrhiav tsis txaus, txwv lub peev xwm ntawm HSG rau kev txhim kho kev tsheb ciav hlau. Hauv kev ua haujlwm no, HSG cov khoom siv hauv tsev tau ua haujlwm los simulate ntawm qhov chaw sib tsoo. Kev sim tau ua nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txuas (30 °, 45 °, thiab 60 °) thiab kev sib tsoo (500 N, 700 N, thiab 900 N) [10, 11].

1. Qhov piv ntawm Swb-yob.Cov txiaj ntsig pom tau tias zawv zawg-dov sib xyaw ua haujlwm ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev cuam tshuam kev sib tsoo. Cov zawv zawg-dov piv (SRR), txhais tau tias yog qhov sib piv ntawm zawv zawg ceev rau dov ceev, raws li qhia hauv Fig.1, nce nrog ob qho tib si sib cuag lub kaum sab xis thiab kev sib tsoo load, uas intuitively xav txog kev hloov ntawm zawv zawg-dov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sib tsoo khub. Piv txwv li, SRR loj hlob los ntawm 0.18 ntawm 30 ° kev sib cuag lub kaum sab xis mus rau 0.81 ntawm 60 °. Qhov kev hloov no los ntawm dominated tsab ntawv tsa suab mus rau qhov sib npaug ntawm zawv zawg thiab dov ua tau zoo dua qhov kev sib tsoo. Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias lub kaum sab xis ntawm 45 ° ua rau kev sib tsoo zoo tshaj plaws, thaum lub 60 ° kev sib cuag lub kaum sab xis ua rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov chaw zoo, Nto roughness (Ra) txo qis vim tias lub kaum sab xis sib cuag tau nce, los ntawm 12.9 μm ntawm 30 ° mus rau 3.5 μm ntawm 60 °, raws li qhia hauv Fig.2 rau Fig.4.

2. Sib tsoo-induced WEL.Thaum lub sij hawm sib tsoo txheej txheem, vim yog cov thermo-mechanical coupling cuam tshuam, nrog rau kev sib cuag siab, siab kub, thiab txias ceev, metallurgical transformation thiab yas deformation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv rail deformation. Cov kev hloov pauv no ua rau tsim cov nkig dawb etching txheej (WEL), uas yog feem ntau ua rau tawg nyob rau hauv cyclic stresses los ntawm lub log-rail kev sib cuag. Tag nrho cov kev tshwm sim qhia tau hais tias qhov nruab nrab thickness ntawm WEL yog tsawg dua 8 μm, uas yog thinner tshaj lub active sib tsoo-induced WEL (~ 40 μm) [12, 13], raws li qhia nyob rau hauv Fig.5. Qhov tshwm sim no yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm HSG txoj kev, Piv nrog rau kev sib tsoo ib txwm muaj, hauv HSG, ib qho kev sib tsoo ib leeg koom nrog cov txheej txheem sib tsoo tsuas yog lub sijhawm luv luv thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv, txawm tias nyob rau lub kaum ntse ntse. Rau feem ntau ntawm lub sij hawm, lub abrasive particle yog nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub dissipation lub sij hawm tom qab sib tsoo. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv abrasive muaj sijhawm txaus rau dissipate tshav kub ua ntej rov ua dua hauv kev sib tsoo, ua rau muaj kev txhim kho thermal ntawm kev sib tsoo.

3. Sib tsoo cov khib nyiab.Kev sib tsoo cov khib nyiab tau muab kev nkag siab ntxiv rau hauv cov txheej txheem tshem tawm cov khoom, raws li qhia hauv Fig.6 thiab Fig.7. Flow-zoo li thiab riam-zoo li cov khib nyiab, uas qhia tau hais tias kev sib tsoo ua haujlwm tau zoo, muaj ntau dua ntawm SRRs siab dua. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, thaiv thiab hlais cov khib nyiab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ces kaum sib cuag, qhia txog kev sib tsoo tsis txaus. Lub xub ntiag ntawm spherical khib nyiab tau nce nrog kev sib tsoo loads, qhia txog kev sib tsoo siab. Cov kev soj ntsuam no qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom zoo sib tsoo tsis sib haum kom sib npaug ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab thermal tej yam kev mob.

4. Mechanism ntawm zawv zawg dov compound motion.Txoj kev tshawb no kuj tau qhia txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov zawv zawg thiab dov hauv kev sib tsoo, raws li qhia hauv Fig.8. Sliding tau yooj yim tshem tawm cov khoom siv los ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau, thaum dov txhim kho cov khib nyiab tawm thiab abrasive tus kheej-sharpening. Qhov kev sib npaug dynamic no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav kev sib tsoo zoo nrog tsawg kawg thermal puas. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm ob qho kev taw qhia tuaj yeem ua rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws: dov-dominated tsab ntawv tsa suab nce qhov roughness, thaum zawv zawg-dominated tsab ntawv tsa suab tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab muaj kev puas tsuaj ntxiv.

5. Kev ntsuam xyuas dav.Kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm kev sib tsoo kev ua tau zoo, suav nrog kev sib tsoo kev ua haujlwm, qhov roughness ntawm qhov chaw, thiab WEL thickness, qhia txog qhov zoo ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua zawv zawg-dov cov lus tsa suab, raws li qhia hauv Fig.9. Cov radar kab kos ntawm kev sib tsoo kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ntau yam loads thiab kev sib cuag lub kaum sab xis qhia tau hais tias ib tug 45 ° kev sib cuag lub kaum sab xis muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws tag nrho cov nyiaj tshuav ntawm efficiency thiab zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, 60 ° kev sib cuag lub kaum ntse ntse ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov chaw, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev sib tsoo zaum kawg. Cov kev tshawb pom no qhia tias kev hloov kho rau kev sib tsoo tsis tuaj yeem daws qhov sib txawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov chaw.

Qhov kev tshawb fawb no muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev siv tsheb ciav hlau ceev ceev. Rau kev sib tsoo thawj zaug, 45 ° kev sib cuag lub kaum sab xis ua kom cov khoom tshem tawm tau zoo tshaj plaws, thaum lub kaum sab xis 60 ° ua kom muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov txheej txheem tiav. Txoj kev tshawb no qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm dynamically ntsuas zawv zawg thiab dov cov lus tsa suab los txhim kho kev sib tsoo, txhim kho qhov zoo, thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm kev sib tsoo log.

Hauv kev xaus, txoj kev tshawb no qhia txog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tsoo-dov sib xyaw ua ke hauv kev sib tsoo tsheb loj. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm zawv zawg thiab dov, HSG tuaj yeem ua tiav kev sib tsoo zoo dua thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw thaum txo qis thermal puas. Cov kev tshawb pom no muab lub hauv paus theoretical rau kev nce qib HSG thev naus laus zis thiab cov lus qhia tswv yim rau kev txhim kho kev tsheb ciav hlau.

Fig. 1.Kev sib txawv ntawm SRR, COF, thiab kev sib hloov ceev nrog kev sib tsoo loads thiab cov ces kaum sib cuag.

Daim duab 2.Sib tsoo efficiency nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag lub kaum sab xis thiab sib tsoo loads.

Fig. 3.Qhov saum npoo morphologies ntawm cov qauv tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau hauv qhov sib txuas sib txuas thiab sib tsoo loads.

Daim duab 4.Nto roughness thiab3D morphologiesntawm cov qauv kev tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau hauv qhov sib txuas sib txuas thiab kev sib tsoo loads.

Daim duab 5.Hla-sectional optical thiab SEM metallographic duab ntawm cov qauv tsheb ciav hlau.

Daim duab 6.Hom thiab kev faib ua feem ntawmsib tsoo cov khib nyiabnyob rau hauv sib txawv cov ces kaum thiab sib tsoo loads.

Daim duab 7.SEM cov duab thiab EDS spectra rau ntau hom kev sib tsoo khib nyiab.

Daim duab 8.Schematic daim duab ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm zawv zawg-dov cov lus tsa suab ntawm HSG.

Txoj haujlwm no tau tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv Phau Tsom Faj ntawm Tribology International.

Cov ntaub ntawv

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