Kapangidwe kapangidwe ka miyala yopera

Chimodzi mwazovuta zazikulu za miyala yopera yopangidwa m'nyumba pakadali pano ndi chizolowezi chowotcha njanji zachitsulo [1]. Pa ndondomeko ya njanji akupera, ndi akupera zotsatira abrasives (kutsetsereka, kulima, kudula) ndi kukangana pakati binder ndi mawonekedwe njanji ndi magwero aakulu akupera kutentha [3]. Pansi pa kugwirizana kwa kutentha (kutentha kutentha) ndi mphamvu (makina mphamvu), pearlite mu njanji zinthu amadutsa austenite kusintha ndipo kenako kupanga martensite ndi ferrite pa kuzirala, chifukwa mkulu kuuma ndi Chimaona woyera wosanjikiza dongosolo. Kung'amba pang'ono kudzafalikira pamalire pakati pa wosanjikiza woyera ndi pearlite, kuchititsa kulephera msanga kwa njanji [1], monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1 (a). Panthawi yopukuta, pamwamba pa njanji yachitsulo imakhala ndi ma oxidation osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njanji yopukutidwa. Yellow, buluu, ndi wofiirira nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "kuwotcha". Lin ndi al. [9] anayika thermocouple yopangira theka mu njanji yachitsulo kuti aziyang'anira kutentha kwa mawonekedwe opukutira mu nthawi yeniyeni pansi pa magawo osiyanasiyana opukutira. Iwo anayerekeza kutentha kupukuta ndi mlingo woyaka pamwamba pa njanji yachitsulo ndipo anakhazikitsa chitsanzo cha ubale pakati pa mlingo wa kutentha (kusintha kwamtundu) ndi kutentha kwa kupukuta, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1 (b). Pamaziko awa, Zhou et al. [3] anakhazikitsa chitsanzo cha ubale pakati pa kutentha ndi makulidwe ndi kuwombera digiri ya wosanjikiza woyera pa kupukuta njanji, kupereka njira yatsopano yowonjezeretsa magawo opukuta njanji, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1 (c). Zotsatira zafukufuku zomwe zili pamwambazi zikuwonetsa kuti kukhathamiritsa magawo akupera ndikuchepetsa kutentha ndi njira zofunika kwambiri zowotcha njanji.

Chithunzi.1 Kuwotcha kwa njanji ndi mphero yoyera (WEL)

Akatswiri ambiri amafufuza momwe kugaya njanji kumayaka potengera kapangidwe ka miyala yopera. Zotsatira za kafukufuku wa Zhang et al. [2] zikuwonetsa kuti mwala wopera wa corundum umakhala wodziwikiratu bwino kwambiri komanso umakhala wokulirapo kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kwambiri komanso makulidwe akulu kwambiri oyera. Yuan ndi al. [4] adapangiratu pore mumwala wopera, womwe umapindulitsa pakutulutsa zinyalala, umachepetsa kutsekeka kwa miyala, umachepetsa kutentha, komanso umapangitsa kuti njanji yachitsulo yopukutidwa ikhale yabwino. Wang ndi al. [5] anachita kafukufuku pa chikoka akupera kuuma mwala (N, R, P, T) pamwamba khalidwe la zitsulo njanji, ndipo zotsatira anasonyeza kuti makulidwe a wosanjikiza woyera kuchuluka ndi kuwonjezeka akupera kuuma mwala. Choncho, malamulo omveka a miyala yopera (pores, abrasive composition), kuuma, ndi zina zotero, zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakuwotcha kwa njanji.

Zotsatira zafukufuku zomwe zili pamwambazi zikuwonetsa kuti magawo akupera ndi magwiridwe antchito amwala ndizinthu ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza kuyatsa kwa njanji. Kwa magalimoto opukutira omwe alipo panjira, ndizovuta kupanga kusintha kwakukulu kwa magawo ogwirira ntchito pamapangidwe agalimoto omwe alipo kuti atsimikizire kupukuta bwino. Chifukwa chake, kupanga ndi kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito amiyala yopera ndi imodzi mwa njira zothandiza zowotcha njanji. Wu et al. [7, 8] anaika midadada yokhazikika ya diamondi yokhazikika mwadongosolo linalake mumwala wopera, monga momwe chithunzi 2 (a). Zotsatira zopukutira zikuwonetsa kuti mwala wogaya wophatikizika ukhoza kupititsa patsogolo luso la kupukuta njanji, kuchepetsa kuuma kwa njanji yopukutidwa, ndikuwongolera kuyatsa kwa njanji. Zhao Jinbo et al. [9] womangirira CaF2 ndi polyetheretherketone kupanga midadada yodzipaka mafuta olowa, ndikukonzekeretsa miyala yopera yodzipaka yokha poyiyika mu mluza wamwala wogaya, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2 (b). Zotsatira zogaya zikuwonetsa kuti chipika chodzitchinjiriza chokha chimatha kutulutsa mosalekeza pakati pa mwala woperayo ndi njanji momwe mwala wopera umavala, kuchepetsa kutentha kogaya ndikuwongolera kuyatsa kwa njanji. Kuika midadada brazed prefabricated, kudzipaka mafuta olowa midadada, ndi zina zotero mu akupera miyala masanjidwewo kumabweretsa wosafanana akupera kapangidwe mwala ndi kuyambitsa otsika mphamvu mawonekedwe (akupera miyala masanjidwewo / implant block mawonekedwe), motero kuonetsetsa makina katundu (kuzungulira mphamvu, dynamic balance, etc.) wa gulu lophatikizika kugaya mwala ndi vuto lalikulu. Wu et al. [10] adapanga gudumu lopukutira la brazed la CBN lokhala ndi kadulidwe monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 2 (c), zomwe zidathandizira kuwotcha kwa njanji. Komabe, nsonga yachitsulo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwala woperayo imakhala ndi vuto losavala bwino panthawi yopera njanji, ndipo moyo wautumiki wa mwala woperayo ndi waufupi kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kupanga / kuwongolera koyenera kwa kapangidwe ka miyala yogaya kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakuchepetsa kutentha kwagayidwe ndikuwongolera kuyatsa kwa njanji, koma ndizofunikira zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa mokwanira kuti zitsimikizire kuti mwala woperayo uli ndi zinthu zabwino zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala komanso zogwira ntchito.

(a) Mwala wopera wa diamondi [7,8]

(b) Mwala wopera wodzitchinjiriza [9](c) Dulani mwala woperayo [10]

Chithunzi 2. Kapangidwe kapangidwe ka miyala yopera

Buku

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[2] GUO Shuai, ZHAO Xiangji, HE Chenggang, et al. Zotsatira za Kugaya Zizindikiro pa Kutopa Kuwonongeka kwa Njanji pansi pa Mikhalidwe ya Madzi[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 30(08): 889-895.

[3]36[3] ZHOU Kun, DING Haohao, Steenbergen Michaël, et al. Munda Wakutentha ndi Mayankho a Zinthu Monga Ntchito Yogaya Sinjanji[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2021, 175: 12366.

[4]YUAN Yongjie, ZHANG Wulin, ZHANG Pengfei, et al. Magudumu Ogaya Pobowo Akupita Kuchepetsa Kutopa Kwambiri ndi Kuchulukitsa Kuchotsa Zinthu Mwachangu pa Kugaya Sitima [J]. Tribology International, 2021, 154: 106692

[5]WANG Ruixiang, ZHOU Kun, YANG Jinyu, et al. Zotsatira za Zinthu Zonyezimira ndi Kuuma kwa Wheel Yopera pa Makhalidwe Opera Sinjanji[J]. Valani, 2020, 454-455: 203332.

[6]57[6] ZHANG Wulin, ZHANG Pengfei, ZHANG Jun, et al. Kufufuza Zotsatira za Abrasive Grit Size pa Sitima Yogaya Makhalidwe [J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2020, 53: 388-395.

[7] XIAO Bing, XIAO Haozhong, XIAO Bo, et al. Wheel Yopera Yogaya Njanji Yapamwamba Kwambiri ndi Njira Yopangira: China, CN 108453638 A[P]. 2018-08-28.

[8]WU Hengheng, XIAO Bing, XIAO Haozhong, et al. Valani Mawonekedwe a Mapepala a Daimondi Onyezimira okhala ndi Nthawi Yosiyana Yopera[J]. Valani, 2019, 432-433: 202942.

[9]WU Hengheng, XIAO Bing, XIAO Haozhong, et al. Phunzirani za Kuvala Makhalidwe a Mapepala a Daimondi Onyezimira pa Wheel Yogaya Yophatikiza Sinjanji Pansi pa Zopanikizika Zosiyanasiyana[J]. Valani, 2019, 424-425: 183-192.

[10]LIN Bin, ZHOU Kun, GUO Jun, et al. Kukokera kwa Ma Parameters Ogaya Pa Kutentha Kwa Pamwamba ndi Kuwotcha Makhalidwe a Sitima Yogaya[J]. Tribology International, 2018, 122: 151-162.