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Oxidation maitiro enjanji panguva yekukuya
2024-12-25
Munguva yekudyidzana pakati pemabrasives uye njanji, deformation yepurasitiki yenjanji inoburitsa kupisa, uye kupokana pakati pemabrasives uye njanji zvinhu zvinogadzirawo kupisa kwekukuya. Kukuya kwesimbi yesimbi kunoitwa mumhepo yakasikwa, uye panguva yekukuya, simbi yesimbi inogadziriswa inokonzerwa neoxidized pasi pekupisa kwekukuya. Pane hukama hwepedyo pakati pepamusoro oxidation yesimbi njanji nekutsva kwenjanji. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kudzidza maitiro eiyo oxidation yenzvimbo yenjanji panguva yekukuya.
Izvo zvave zvichishumwa kuti marudzi matatu ematombo ekukuya ane simba rekumanikidza akagadzirwa, ane simba re 68.90 MPa, 95.2 MPa, uye 122.7 MPa, maererano. Maererano nehurongwa hwekukuya simba rematombo, GS-10, GS-12.5, uye GS-15 inoshandiswa kumiririra aya mapoka matatu ematombo ekukuya. Kune simbi njanji samples pasi nemaseti matatu ematombo ekukuya GS-10, GS-12.5, uye GS-15, iwo akateedzana anomiririrwa neRGS-10, RGS-12.5, uye RGS-15. Ita miedzo yekukuya pasi pemamiriro ekukuya e700 N, 600 rpm, uye 30 seconds. Kuti uwane mamwe intuitive yekuedza mhedzisiro, njanji yekukuya dombo inotora pini disc yekubata maitiro. Ongorora maitiro eiyo oxidation yenzvimbo yenjanji mushure mekukuya.
Iyo yepamusoro morphology yesimbi yepasi rail yakaonekwa uye yakaongororwa uchishandisa SM uye SEM, sezvakaratidzwa muFig.1. Mhedzisiro yeSM yepasi njanji yepasi inoratidza kuti sezvo simba redombo rekukuya rinowedzera, ruvara rwepasi renjanji rinoshanduka kubva pabhuruu uye yero yebrown kuenda kune yepakutanga ruvara rwenjanji. Chidzidzo chakaitwa naLin et al. yakaratidza kuti kana tembiricha yekukuya iri pasi pe471 ℃, pamusoro penjanji panoonekwa ruvara rwakakwana. Kana tembiricha yekukuya iri pakati pe471-600 ℃, njanji inoratidza kutsva kweyero, nepo tembiricha yekukuya iri pakati pe600-735 ℃, pamusoro penjanji inoratidza kutsva kwebhuruu. Naizvozvo, zvichibva pakushanduka kwemavara epasi njanji, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti sezvo simba redombo rekukuya rinoderera, tembiricha yekukuya inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma uye dhigirii rekutsva kwenjanji rinowedzera. EDS yakashandiswa kuongorora iyo yekutanga kuumbwa kwepasi pasi simbi njanji uye marara pasi pepamusoro. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti nekuwedzera kwekukuya simba rematombo, zvinyorwa zveO pamusoro penjanji zvakadzikira, zvichiratidza kudzikiswa kwekusungwa kweFe neO pamusoro penjanji, uye kuderera kwechiyero cheoxidation yechitima, zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekushanduka kwemavara pamusoro penjanji. Panguva imwecheteyo, zviri mukati meO element pazasi pevhu rekukuya zvinodzikira zvakare nekuwedzera kwekukuya kwedombo simba. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti nokuda kwepamusoro pesimbi yesimbi pasi nebwe rimwe chete rekukuya uye nechepasi pevhu rekukuya, zvinyorwa zveO element pamusoro peiyo yekupedzisira yakakwirira kudarika yekare. Munguva yekuumbwa kwemarara, deformation yepurasitiki inoitika uye kupisa kunogadzirwa nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kweabrasives; Munguva yekubuda kwemarara, nzvimbo yepasi pemarara inokwesha kumberi kweiyo abrasive uye inogadzira kupisa. Naizvozvo, iyo yakasanganiswa mhedzisiro yemarara deformation uye kupisa kunopisa kunotungamira kune yakakwira dhigirii yeoxidation pazasi pevhu, zvichikonzera huwandu hwepamusoro hweO element.
(a) Simba rakaderera kukuya dombo pasi simbi njanji pamusoro (RGS-10)
(b) Pamusoro pesimbi yesimbi ine simba riripakati pedombo rekukuya (RGS-12.5)
(c) High simba kukuya dombo pasi simbi njanji pamusoro (RGS-15)
Fig. 1. Surface morphology, debris morphology, uye EDS kuongorora njanji dzesimbi mushure mekukuya nekusimba kwakasiyana kwematombo ekukuya.
Kuti uenderere mberi nekuongorora zvigadzirwa zveoxidation pamusoro pesimbi yesimbi uye kusiyanisa kwezvigadzirwa zveoxidation ine dhigirii yekutsva kwenjanji, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) yakashandiswa kuona kemikari mamiriro ezvinhu muchikamu chepamusoro chesimbi yepasi. Migumisiro inoratidzwa muFig.2. Iyo yakazara spectrum yekuongorora mhedzisiro yenzvimbo yenjanji mushure mekukuya nekusimba kwakasiyana kwematombo ekukuya (Fig.2 (a)) inoratidza kuti kune C1s, O1s, uye Fe2p peaks pamusoro pevhu renjanji, uye chikamu cheO maatomu chinodzikira nedhigirii rekutsva pachitsiko chenjanji, icho chinopindirana nemhedzisiro yekuongorora njanji ye EDS. Nekuda kweiyo nyaya yekuti XPS inoona ekutanga nyika padhuze nepamusoro pedenga (anenge 5 nm) yezvinhu, pane mimwe misiyano mumhando uye zviri mukati mezvinhu zvakaonekwa neXPS yakazara spectrum zvichienzaniswa nesimbi njanji substrate. Iyo C1s peak (284.6 eV) inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirisa masimba anosunga ezvimwe zvinhu. Iyo huru oxidation chigadzirwa pamusoro pesimbi njanji iFe oxide, saka iyo nhete spectrum yeFe2p inoongororwa zvakadzama. Fig.2 (b) kusvika (d) ratidza kuongorora kwakamanikana kweFe2p pamusoro pesimbi yesimbi RGS-10, RGS-12.5, uye RGS-15, maererano. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti kune maviri anosunga masimba epamusoro pa710.1 eV uye 712.4 eV, anonzi Fe2p3/2; Pane zvinosunga simba pamusoro peFe2p1/2 pa723.7 eV uye 726.1 eV. Iyo satellite peak yeFe2p3/2 iri pa718.2 eV. Nzvimbo mbiri dzepamusoro pa710.1 eV uye 723.7 eV dzinogona kunge dzakakonzerwa nesimba rinosunga reFe-O muFe2O3, nepo nhongonya dziri pa712.4 eV uye 726.1 eV dzinogona kunge dzakakonzerwa nesimba rinosunga reFe-O muFeO. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti Fe3O4 Fe2O3. Zvichakadaro, hapana peak yekuongorora yakaonekwa pa 706.8 eV, zvichiratidza kusavapo kwe elemental Fe pazasi njanji.
(a) Full spectrum analysis
(b) RGS-10 (bhuruu)
(c) RGS-12.5 (yero yakajeka)
(d) RGS-15 (yekutanga ruvara rwesimbi yesimbi)
Fig.2. XPS ongororo yenzvimbo dzenjanji dzine madhigirii akasiyana ekupisa
Nzvimbo yepamusoro yezvikamu muFe2p yakamanikana inoratidza kuti kubva kuRGS-10, RGS-12.5 kusvika kuRGS-15, nzvimbo yepamusoro yezvikamu zveFe2 + 2p3/2 uye Fe2 + 2p1/2 kuwedzera, nepo chikamu chepamusoro cheFe3 + 2p3/2 uye Fe3 + 2p1/2 chinoderera. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti sezvo dhigirii rekutsva pamusoro penjanji richiderera, iyo Fe2+ yemukati mune epamusoro oxidation zvigadzirwa inowedzera, nepo Fe3 + zvirimo zvichiderera. Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvigadzirwa zve oxidation zvinoguma nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana epasi njanji. Iyo yakakwirira dhigirii yekutsva kwepasi (bhuruu), iyo yakakwirira yemukati yeFe2O3 zvigadzirwa muokisijeni; Iyo yakaderera dhigirii yekutsva kwepasi, iyo yakakwirira yemukati yeFeO zvigadzirwa.