Railway ichikuya kiyi midziyo yekuvandudza mamiriro aripo

Parizvino, njanji ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa, chikamu chemusika cheyakakura nzira yekukuya yeinoshanda tekinoroji yekukuya, yakakwirira-yekumhanya passive kugaya tekinoroji uye kugayo nekukuya composite kugaya tekinoroji. Aya matatu anotevera akajairwa njanji ekukuya midziyo yekuvandudza mamiriro anopfupikiswa.

1.3.1 Rail inoshanda pakukuya kiyi midziyo

Active kugaya tekinoroji pari zvino ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa, chikamu chikuru chemusika cheiyo nzira yekukuya, kukuya mota modhi zvakanyanya. Vagadziri vemotokari dzekune dzimwe nyika vanonyanya kuUnited StatesHARSCOuyeSTRAPkambani uye Swiss SPENO kambani uye zvichingodaro. Tekinoroji yekukuya njanji yakatanga kunonoka, mushure memakumi emakore ebudiriro, vagadziri vemotokari varikugeya vari kunyanya veGolden Eagle Heavy Construction Machinery Company Limited (Golden Eagle Heavy Industry), CNR Beijing Erqi Vehicle Company Limited (CNR Erqi), Zhuzhou CNR Times Electric Company Limited (Times Electric), China Railway Construction on High-tech Company Limited. Golden Eagle Heavy Industry (GEHI) uye CNR Erqi vakazvimiririra vakagadzira GMC-96X uye GMC-96B sanding mota nekuunza tekinoroji kubva kuHARSCO (USA) uye SPENO (Switzerland), zvichiteerana, sezvakaratidzwa muFigure 1 uye Figure 2. Iyo GMC-48JS sanding mota, yakatenderwa yakazvimiririra ye2 Kurume 2RIC 2RIC, ELECT 2. [1].

Fig.1GMC-96X

Fig.2GMC-96B[2]

Parizvino, mutsara unowanzo shandiswa GMC-96X (Golden Eagle Heavy Industry), GMC-96B (China Railway Erqi), PGM-48 (HARSCO, USA) modhi uye mutsara mutsva weGMC-48JS modhi (Times Electric), iyo huru yekushanda parameters uye zvinodiwa zvekushandisa zvinoratidzwa muTebhu 1. Iyo data inoratidza kuti iyo yakaderera grinding mota ye4 km 48 yekushanda kwemotokari inomhanya kupfuura 3 km h. kukurumidza kunogona kukonzera njanji Pazasi peiyo yakakosha yekumhanyisa kumhanya inogona kukonzera yakawandisa kugaya munzvimbo dzemunharaunda, uye kupisa kwenzvimbo yekukuya kwenjanji pazasi kumhanya kunoshingairira kupisa njanji [3]; kana kumhanya kwekushanda kwakanyanyisa, iyo yakakodzera yekubvisa inoshanda haigone kuve nechokwadi. Imotokari yekukuya yakagadzirirwa iyo yakanyanya kushanda gradient ye30 ‰ inogona kubata ruzhinji rwekugadzirisa mutsara. Zvisinei, kune mamwe mitsara yakareba-gradient (gradient yakakura kupfuura 30 ‰), kunyanya Sichuan-Tibet Railway iri kuvakwa, kurongeka kwekukuya kushanda kwemotokari uye matambudziko ekudhonza ichava imwe yematambudziko anokosha.

Tab1.Maparamendi ekushanda echitima chekukuya njanji[2]

1.3.2 Midziyo yakakosha yekukuya njanji inomhanya-mhanya

High-speed passive grinding car inonyanya kugadzirwa nekambani yeGermany VOSSLOH HSG rail grinding car, iyo inonyanya kuumbwa nekukuya motokari uye motokari yekubatsira, Mufananidzo 3. Mashandiro ekukuya anoda locomotive traction, kushanda nokukurumidza kusvika 60 ~ 80 km / h; iyo yose motokari 4 mapoka ekukuya chikwata che96 chekukuya dombo panguva imwe chete muhurumende yekushanda uye nekumhanya kwepamusoro-soro kutenderera kwe6000 rpm, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 4; boka rimwe nerimwe rekukuya rinoshongedzerwa ne 2 seti yekukuya furemu, nzira yekushanda yebwe rekukuya inogona kuwanikwa pasina kumisa boka rose rekukurumidza, kuenderera mberi kutenderera, kureva, dombo rimwe chete rekukuya rinotakura rinogona kuramba richigaya Anenge 70 km [4], sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 5. Munguva yekugaya, kugaya kwekugadzira uye kudzvinyirirwa kunogona kupera, kuputika kwegumbo rekugadzira uye kuputika kunogona kudzvinyirirwa. kuongororwa munguva chaiyo. Mushure mekugaya, chimiro chenjanji chinoedzwa kuti chitarise maitiro ekukuya. Motokari yekukuya-yepamusoro-soro inongovimba chete nekupikisa kwechitima chekukuya kubvisa musoro wenjanji, sezvo gumbo rekukuya risina motokari. Naizvozvo, kumhanya kwekushanda kune simba rakakura pakushanda kwemotokari yekukuya. Kana iyo motokari yekukuya motokari ichiita basa rekukuya mumutsara we-inter-station: muchikamu chekuwedzera chekusiya chiteshi, kana kukurumidza kukwira kupfuura 30 km / h, chigadziko chekukuya chinoderedzwa uye basa rekukuya rinotanga; muchikamu chekudzikisa chekupinda muchiteshi, kana kukurumidza kuderera kudarika 15 km / h, chigadziko chekukuya chinosimudzwa uye basa rekukuya rinopera. Nokudaro, munharaunda inoenderana nekukurumidzira uye kuderera kwemotokari yejecha, kushandiswa kwejecha kunoderedzwa nekuda kwekuderedza kukurumidza kwemotokari; chikamu chenzvimbo isingagone kuve nejecha nekuda kwekusimudzwa kwejecha furemu inofanirwa kuvharwa neiyo turnout sanding mota muchiteshi panguva inotevera yekushanda.

Fig.3HSG yakakwira-kumhanya kukuya mota

Fig.4Kukuya unit

Fig.5Kukuya frame frame

Mumakore gumi apfuura, masangano mazhinji epamba akazvipira mukutsvagisa uye kusimudzira mota inomhanya yekukuya. Musi waChikumi 18, 2021, yekutanga njanji yeBeijing-Shanghai njanji yakakwirira-yekumhanya njanji ichikuya prototype bvunzo prototype yakabatanidzwa yakagadziridzwa neSouthwest Jiaotong University, Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed ​​Railway uye Maodzanyemba kwaJiaotong University Railway Development Co Ltd yakabuda mumutsara wekugadzira, uchiona "56 yepakutanga" inoratidzwa muFiguzero. Musi wa22 Chikunguru 2021, mota yekukuya njanji yeKGM-80II yakatsvaga yakazvimiririra uye yakagadziridzwa neChina Railway Construction High-Tech Equipment Co., Ltd. Kuunzwa kwemotokari yekukuya njanji yakazvimisikidza kwakakosha zvikuru kuti China ione kuzvitonga kuzere kwemidziyo yechitima.

Fig.6Beijing-Shanghai high-speed njanji yakangwara inokurumidza njanji ichikuya prototype bvunzo mota[5]

Fig.7KGM-80II. Rail Rapid Kukuya Mota[6]

1.3.3 Kukuya njanji nekukuya midziyo yakakosha yekukuya

Parizvino, njanji yekugaya uye yekukuya makochi anoshandiswa zvakanyanya munjanji dzemumba nekune dzimwe nyika. Kambani yeGMB yekuGermany, pamwe neAustria's LINSINGER company, MFL company, nezvimwewo, ndivo vanogadzira mhiri kwemakungwa ngoro dzekugaya nekukuya [4,7]. Mufananidzo 8 wekambani yeLINSINGER yeSF03 yekugaya nekukuya mota, kureba kwemota 25 m, huremu hwemota 120 t, ine maviri matatu-axle bogies, self-propelled speed kusvika 100 km / h, iyo yakanyanya kukurumidza yekushanda ye0.36 ~ 1.20 equits yemota yakazara yemakiromita 1. milling discs uye maviri seti ekukuya mavhiri [7,8,9]. Vagadziri vepamusha vanonyanya kusanganisira China Railway Times Construction Machinery Co. muBaoji neChina Railway Construction High-Tech Equipment Co. Mufananidzo 9 inoratidza XM-1800 yekugaya nekukuya motokari inogadzirwa neChina Railway Construction High-Tech Equipment Corporation, ine zvakanakira kushanda kwepamusoro-soro, kuchinjika kudiki-diki mukuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuputika kwemukati kuchengetedzwa, kupatsanurwa kwemukati uye kuputika kwemukati. njanji mbiri kukuya [10]. Tafura 2 inoenzanisa iyo huru yekushanda kwekuita maparameter emotokari yeSF03 yekugaya nekukuya uye XM-1800 yekugaya nekukuya mota, izvo zvinoratidza kuti XM-1800 yekugaya nekukuya mota yakagadzirwa muChina yasvika padanho repamusoro rehunyanzvi repasi rose maererano nekugona kubvisa zvinhu uye kuita nemazvo.

Fig.8SF03 motokari yekugaya

Fig.9 XM-1800 Milling Car[10]

Tab.2 Kuenzaniswa kwekuita kwekushanda pakati peSF03 neXM-1800 njanji yekuming chitima

1.3.4 Kuenzanisa kwakazara kwekuita kwechigadzirwa chikuru chekukuya njanji

Active kugaya, high-speed passive grinding and milling and grinding composite grinding three typical rail grinding equipment performance comparison, such as Table 3. active grinding material kubvisa, kugaya chiedza bhandi envelope contour yakanaka, inokurumidza kumhanya kukurumidza, ikozvino ndiyo chikamu chikuru chemugove wemusika wekushanda. Kukuya kunoshanda, chinhu chakakosha ndechekugadzirisa dambudziko rekukuya njanji inopisa, kuitira kuti uvandudze kunaka kwenjanji mushure mekugaya. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti optimization yekukuya paramita [11,3,12], kugaya vhiri chimiro [13] inogona zvinobudirira kuvandudza kutsva, uko kukwidziridzwa kwekuita kwepamusoro kunoshanda kukuya vhiri ndiko kutariswa kwekutsvaga mune ramangwana.

High-speed passive grinding operation speed, theoretically inogona kunge iri intermodal nemunhuwo zvake mutyairi / rori, pasina kudiwa kwe "sunroof", haikanganisi nzira yakajairika yemutsetse. Mukuwedzera, kukurumidza-kumhanya kusinganzwisisi kugaya kwakavakirwa pane njanji yekudzivirira kugaya nzira inokurudzirwa kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa renjanji ine zvakakosha zvakanakira. Naizvozvo, kukurumidza kugaya kune yakakosha kukwikwidza mune ramangwana kusimudzira. Kushanda mukumhanya kwakanyanya, kurema kwakakwira, kuzunguzika kwakasimba uye mamwe mamiriro akaomarara, uchisangana nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro, mhando yepamusoro uye zvimwe zvinodikanwa zvekushanda, kuve nechokwadi chekuti vhiri rekukuya rine yakanakisa michina zvinhu (simba / kuoma), kuita sevhisi (kucheka kuita, kupfeka kuramba, nezvimwewo) nderimwe rematambudziko akakosha mune ramangwana.

Kukuya kwemusanganiswa kune zvakakosha mukubvisa zvinhu zvakanaka, kupedzisa kupedzisa, kunaka kwepamusoro, nezvimwe zvakadaro, kumhanya kwayo kunonoka, mune ramangwana, nekusimudzira hupfumi, nguva yekukuya inodzvanywa zvakanyanya, zvinodiwa pakugaya zviri kuwedzera, kurongeka kweiyo mutsara weramangwana uye kureba kwenguva yekukuya ndiyo ichatariswa. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekururamisa chimiro chenjanji uye kushanda zvakanaka, kusimudzira njanji yekukuya kuti imire nehutsinye hwekushanda mamiriro uye yakanyanya kupfeka-inodzivirira carbide yekucheka maturusi zvakare ndeimwe yeamangwana tsvakiridzo inotarisa.

Tab.3Kuenzaniswa kwemhando nhatu dzeyakajairwa njanji yekukuya michina

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